ABOUT ZOOM '0'
Early years[edit]
Zoom was founded in 2011 by a lead engineer from Cisco Systems and its collaboration business unit, WebEx.[1] The founder, Eric Yuan, graduated from Stanford University executive program was previously vice president of engineering at Cisco for collaboration software development.[2] David Berman, from WebEx and Ring Central, became president in November 2015.[3] The service started in January 2013 and by May 2013, it claimed one million participants.[4] During the first year of its release, Zoom established partnerships with B2B collaboration software providers. Its partnership with Redbooth (at the time known as Teambox) played a role in adding a video component to Redbooth.[5] Shortly after this partnership, Zoom created a program named "Works with Zoom", which established partnerships with multiple hardware and software vendors such as Logitech, Vaddio,[6] and InFocus.[7][8][9] Towards the end of the year, Zoom managed to have its software integrated into InterviewStream, a company that provides remote video interviewing capacity to employers.[10] InterviewStream expanded their video interviewing capabilities using Zoom's video services.[11]
On December 11, 2013, Centrify Corporation announced it would integrate Microsoft Active Directory, access control, and single sign-on (SSO) compatibility with Zoom's application.[12] By March 17, 2014, Zoom added the capability for participants to join meetings by dialing into a toll-free public switched telephone network number via its partnership with Voxbone.[13] The release of version 3.5 later in the year added mobile screen sharing to mobile devices running iOS.[14]
In June 2014, Zoom's participant count has grown to 10 million.[15] As of February 2015, the number of participants utilizing Zoom Video Communication's chief product—Zoom Meetings—reached 40 million individuals, with 65,000 organizations subscribed. In addition to this, the company surpassed 1 billion total meeting minutes across its entire service lifespan.[16]
On February 4, 2015, Zoom Video Communications received $30 million in Series C funding. Participants in this funding round include Emergence Capital, Horizons Ventures (Li Ka-shing), Qualcomm Ventures, Jerry Yang, and Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong.[17] In the same year, on the 15th of September, Zoom partnered with Salesforce[18] to integrate video conferencing into the CRM platform, allowing salespeople to initiate such conferences with their leads without leaving the application. Shortly after this integration happened, on 3 November, David Berman—former president of RingCentral—has been named president of Zoom Video Communications. Peter Gassner—the founder and CEO of Veeva Systems—joined Zoom's board of directors on the same day.[19]
On February 2016, Zoom has opened a new office in Denver, Colorado. According to Yuan, the company's CEO, the reason for this expansion was to take advantage of the state's "growing technology scene" and its central U.S. location.[20] Later the same year, the company added Bask Iyer—VMware's CIO—as a business adviser.[21]
As a "unicorn"[edit]
On January 2017, Zoom had officially entered the Unicorn club ($1 billion valuation) and attracted $100 million in Series D funding from Sequoia Capital at a billion dollar valuation. The announcement was coupled with the release of Zoom 4.0. According to CEO Yuan, the company would be banking the investment and investing in portions that need development, rather than planning a project with these funds, since Zoom has had a cash-flow-positive status in the last quarter.[22]
On April 24, 2017, the video communications provider announced the release of the first scalable telehealth product, allowing doctors to visit their patients through video for consultation. The solution, called Zoom for Telehealth, integrates with other healthcare applications within hospital infrastructures and provides a "virtual waiting room" for patients. It also allows for signed business associate agreements to maintain HIPAA compliance for adopters.[23][24]
In May 2017, Zoom announced a partnership with Polycom through a new product called the Zoom Connector for Polycom. Zoom Connector for Polycom integrated Zoom's video meetings into Polycom's conferencing systems, enabling features such as multiple screen and device meetings, HD and wireless screen sharing, and calendar integration with Outlook, Google Calendar, and iCal.[25]
In August 2017, Marketwired published a press release recognizing Zoom's passing of several milestones in company growth. Highlights included hosting over 20 billion annualized meeting minutes (up from 6.9 billion last year), opening offices abroad in Sydney and the U.K., growing its year-over-year revenue by 150% and customer base by 100%, partnering and optimizing integrations with Polycom, Crestron, and Cisco, and introducing new features and enhancements to its platform including Zoom Rooms Scheduling Display and Zoom for Telehealth. In addition, Zoom was ranked 18th on the Forbes Cloud 100 List and scored a 4.8 / 5 on Gartner Peer Insights.[26]
In September 2017, Zoom hosted Zoomtopia 2017, Zoom's first annual user conference. Zoom announced a series of new products and partnerships, including Zoom's Partnership with Meta to integrate Zoom with Augmented Reality, integration with Slack and Workplace by Facebook, and first steps towards an artificial intelligence speech-to-text converter.[27]
In October 2017, Zoom announced that Jonathan Chadwick had joined the company's Board of Directors as an audit committee chair to oversee financial reporting and disclosure.[28]
On November 8, 2017, Zoom announced that Kelly Steckelberg, former CEO of Zoosk and CFO of Cisco's WebEx Division, had joined Zoom as the new Chief Financial Officer (CFO).[29]
Publicly-traded company[edit]
In March 2019, Zoom filed to go public on the NASDAQ[30] and on April 18, 2019, the company went public, with shares up more than 72% with an Initial public offering of $36 a share.[31] The company was valued at just under $16 billion by the end of its IPO.[31]
Security issues[edit]
In November 2018, a security vulnerability (CVE-2018-15715) was discovered[32] which allowed a remote unauthenticated attacker to spoof UDP messages from a meeting attendee or Zoom server in order to invoke functionality in the target client. This would allow the attacker to remove attendees from meetings, spoof messages from users, or hijack shared screens.
In July 2019, security researcher Jonathan Leitschuh disclosed[33] a zero-day vulnerability which allowed any website to forcibly join a macOS user to a Zoom call, with their video camera activated, without the user's permission. In addition, attempts to uninstall the Zoom client on macOS would prompt the software to re-install automatically in the background, using a hidden web server that was set up on the machine during the first installation and that remained active even after attempting to remove the client. After receiving public criticism, Zoom updated their software to remove the vulnerability and the hidden webserver, allowing for complete uninstallation.[34]
Products[edit]
Initially, Zoom featured the ability to host conferences with up to 15 video participants.[35] On January 25, 2013, the product was improved to allow up to 25 video participants for all meetings. Version 2.5 of the software further extended the offering allowing up to 100 video participants in one conference. The company has since expanded its offer to include meetings with up to 500 video participants.[citation needed] Zoom relies on client-side encryption using the Advanced Encryption Standard 256-bit (AES 256) algorithm for presentation content.[36][37] As of October 2015, the lower limit of 25 participants in video meetings has been increased to 100.[38][39] Between 2015 and mid-2016, Zoom Video Communications announced native support for Skype for Business and integration with Slack.[40][41]
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